Fri May 10 2024

85 articles - From Friday May 03 2024 to Friday May 10 2024

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Guidelines

Guidelines and related publications, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…

Hepatology

Letter to the Editor: A multi-society Delphi consensus statement on new fatty liver disease nomenclature.

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Meta-analysis

meta-analyses and systematic reviews

J Hepatol

Control Compounds for Preclinical Drug-Induced Liver Injury Assessment: Consensus-driven systematic review by the ProEuroDILI Network.

The extensive analysis highlighted the lack of agreement on control compounds for in vitro DILI assessment. Following comprehensive in vitro and clinical data analysis together with input from the expert committee, an evidence-based consensus-driven list of 10 positive and negative drugs is proposed for validating in vitro models for improving preclinical drug safety testing regimes. Impact and implications Prediction of human toxicity early in the drug development process remains a major challenge. For this, human in vitro models are becoming increasingly important, however, the development of more physiologically relevant liver models and careful selection of control DILI+ and DILI- drugs are requisites to better predict DILI liability of new drug candidates. Thus, this systematic study holds critical implications for standardizing validation of new in vitro models for studying drug-induced liver injury (DILI). By establishing a consensus-driven list of positive and negative control drugs, the study provides a scientifically justified framework for enhancing the consistency of preclinical testing, thereby addressing a significant challenge in early hepatotoxicity identification. The results are of paramount importance to al the actors involved in the drug development process, offering a standardized approach to assess hepatotoxic risks. Practically, these findings can guide researchers in evaluating safety profiles of new drugs, refining in vitro models, and informing regulatory agencies on potential improvements to regulatory guidelines, ensuring a more systematic and efficient approach to drug safety assessment.

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Original articles

RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Outcomes of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with atezolizumab plus bevacizumab in real-world clinical practice who met or did not meet the inclusion criteria for the phase 3 IMbrave150 trial.

Patients who are treated with Atezo/Bev and meet the inclusion criteria for the phase 3 IMbrave150 trial, as well as those who do not meet the inclusion criteria but have good liver function, have a good prognosis for survival.

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Real-life effectiveness of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir in hepatitis C patients previously treated with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir or glecaprevir/pibrentasvir.

SOF/VEL/VOX is an effective rescue therapy for failures to SOF/VEL or GLE/PIB, with an SVR of 88.6%. Factors previously linked to lower SVR rates, such as GT3 infection, cirrhosis and first-line therapy with SOF/VEL were not associated with lower SVRs.

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The deep abdominal ultrasound transducer (DAX) increases the success rate and diagnostic accuracy of shear wave elastography for liver fibrosis assessment in patients with obesity-A prospective biopsy-controlled study.

pSWE- and 2D-SWE enable the non-invasive identification of advanced fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with obese MASLD. The use of the DAX transducer for acoustic radiation force imaging (ARFI)-LSM avoids technical failures in an obese population and subsequently offers advantages over VCTE-LSM for the evaluation of fibrosis in an obese MASLD population at risk for fibrosis.

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The use of opioids nine months after surgery for Crohn's disease - a nationwide cohort study.

Clinicians should be aware that in patients with a need for opioids before surgery, the surgery may not change the need for opioids. Future research should examine effective analgesic strategies that help minimise opioid use in this population.

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Updates in characteristics and survival rates of cirrhosis in a nationwide cohort of real-world U.S. patients, 2003-2021.

HCC incidence and survival vary by aetiology among patients with cirrhosis, with cryptogenic cirrhosis having the lowest survival and lower survival in the more recent time period.

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Am J Gastroenterol

A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial Of Microbiome-Based Artifıcial Intelligence-Assisted Personalized Diet Vs Low Fodmap Diet: A Novel Approach for the Management of Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

The AI-assisted personalized diet emerges as a promising approach for comprehensive IBS management. With its ability to address individual variation, the PD approach demonstrates significant symptom relief, enhanced quality of life, and notable diversity shifts in the gut microbiome, making it a valuable strategy in the evolving landscape of IBS care.

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Bile Acid Diarrhea is Associated with an Increased Incidence of Gastrointestinal Cancers.

This nationwide cohort study indicates an association between BAD and GI cancers. We found both a higher incidence of GI cancer after BAD diagnosis compared with controls and increased OR of GI cancer before BAD diagnosis. Bearing in mind the underdiagnosis of BAD, the delay of BAD diagnosis, and the carcinogenic effect of bile acids, these findings warrant further investigations of the risk of GI cancer in individuals with BAD.

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Excess weight, polygenic risk score and findings of colorectal neoplasms at screening colonoscopy.

Excess weight and polygenic risk are associated with increased risk of colorectal neoplasms in a multiplicative manner. Maintaining normal weight is estimated to have an equivalent effect as having 38 percentiles lower PRS.

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Utility of a Third Heplisav-B Dose in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease without Immunity Following Two-Dose Heplisav-B Vaccination.

In patients with IBD lacking HBV immunity despite two-dose Heplisav-B vaccination, administration of a third dose resulted in a 56.7% seroconversion rate. Our results suggest that administration of an additional Heplisav-B dose may be an effective strategy in patients lacking immunity despite primary two-dose vaccination.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

A Randomized Trial of Choice Architecture and Mailed Colorectal Cancer Screening Outreach in a Community Health Setting.

Both choice of testing and FIT alone increased response and may align with patient preferences.

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Characterization of Biologic Discontinuation Among Pediatric Patients with Crohn's Disease.

Concomitant immunomodulator use and proactive TDM decreased risk of biologic discontinuation. Strategies are needed to preserve biologic efficacy and prevent biologic discontinuation.

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Liver fibrosis assessed via non-invasive tests is associated with incident heart failure in a general population cohort.

In the general population, serum markers of liver fibrosis are associated with increased hospitalization/death from heart failure. Genetic polymorphisms associated with liver fibrosis were not positively associated with elevated heart failure risk.

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Ozanimod in Patients With Moderate to Severe Ulcerative Colitis Naive to Advanced Therapies.

Ozanimod is an effective, durable, and well-tolerated oral therapy for AT-naive ulcerative colitis patients.

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Temporal Trends in Body Composition and Metabolic Markers Prior to Diagnosis of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

This study identified significant alterations in a variety of soft tissue and metabolic markers that occur in the development of PDAC. Early recognition of these metabolic changes may provide an opportunity for early detection.

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Endosc Int Open

Adherence to follow-up and resource use after abnormal FIT-screening: Evaluation of the Danish colorectal cancer screening program.

High adherence to baseline colonoscopy after positive FIT-screening is followed by lower adherence throughout the adenoma surveillance program. Better adherence to the guidelines could potentially improve the effectiveness and efficiency of the screening program.

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Impact of temperature-controlled endobiliary radiofrequency ablation for inoperable hilar cholangiocarcinoma: A propensity score-matched analysis.

Temperature-controlled endobiliary RFA resulted in favorable stent patency without increasing the rate of AEs but it did not significantly increase OS in patients with inoperable hilar CCA (Clinical trial registration

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Outcomes following duodenectomy in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis.

After duodenectomy in FAP, a considerable risk of developing adenomas and cancer in the stomach and jejunum exists with poor cancer prognosis, highlighting the need for close postoperative endoscopic surveillance.

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Plan-do-study-act (PDSA) interventions to improve real-world endoscopy unit productivity.

The PDSA ramp model is an effective means of assessing operational processes, developing novel interventions, and building consensus to improve the real-world productivity in a resource-conscious manner.

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Structural factors influencing the clinical performance of 0.025-inch guidewires for pancreatobiliary endoscopy: An experimental study.

CWD affects shaft stiffness; CWD and coating type affect shaft lubricity and torque response. Because TRR and TW are correlated with seeking ability, an appropriate combination of core wire thickness, TW, and coating design is required to develop a guidewire with good seeking ability.

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Endoscopy

Comparison of disposable digital single-operator cholangioscopy versus direct peroral cholangioscopy for the diagnosis of intraductal superficial lesions of the bile duct.

Our results demonstrate that both POC systems are safe and useful for the detection, characterization, and diagnosis of minute ISL-Bs. While D-SOC displayed a shorter procedure time and a tendency for higher technical success rate, D-POC provided superior visualization quality, allowing detailed observation of the surface structure and microvascular patterns.

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Stratification of Barrett's esophagus surveillance based on p53 immunohistochemistry: a cost effectiveness analysis by an international collaborative group.

A surveillance strategy for BE based on abnormal p53 IHC is cost-effective relative to a conventional surveillance strategy and is likely to be associated with higher diagnostic rates of dysplasia.

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Gastroenterology

Association of GLP-1 receptor agonists and hepatocellular carcinoma incidence and hepatic decompensation in patients with type 2 diabetes.

GLP-1RAs were associated with a reduced risk of incident HCC and hepatic decompensation compared to other anti-diabetes medications in patients with T2DM. These findings provide supporting evidence for future studies to investigate the underlying mechanisms and their clinical use.

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Risk of cancers proximal to the colon in fecal immunochemical test positive screenees in a colorectal cancer screening program.

FIT-positive screenees were at significantly increased risk of being diagnosed with a cancer proximal to the colon within three years after FIT, though the three-year cumulative incidence was still less than one percent.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Clinical predictors of significant findings on EUS for the evaluation of incidental common bile duct dilation.

Less than 10% of patients undergoing EUS for incidental CBD dilation had pathologic findings. This novel, externally validated, clinical prediction model may reduce low-yield, invasive evaluation in nearly a third of patients.

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Comparative diagnostic performance of rapid urease test with the sweeping method versus tissue sampling method after Helicobacter pylori eradication.

The RUT with the sweeping method could potentially replace the tissue sampling method as a test to confirm H. pylori eradication and be an alternative option to UBT for patients requiring endoscopy.

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Effects of Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists on Upper Endoscopy in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients.

GLP-1 RA use can lead to delayed gastric emptying, affecting EGD adequacy regardless of the presence of diabetes, and may warrant dose adjustment to improve safety and efficacy of these procedures.

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Establishment and validation of a risk score model based on EUS: assessment of lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer.

We developed a practical risk score model based on preoperative factors to help EUS predict lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer patients, guiding the selection of optimal treatment approaches for these patients.

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Re-Cellularization via Electroporation Therapy of the duodenum combined with GPL-1 receptor agonist to replace insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes; 12 months results of a first-in-human study.

These results suggest that ReCET is feasible and safe. In combination with semaglutide, ReCET may be a promising therapeutic option to replace insulin therapy in selected T2D patients, while improving glycemic control and metabolic health.

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Gut

Comprehensive single-cell analysis deciphered microenvironmental dynamics and immune regulator olfactomedin 4 in pathogenesis of gallbladder cancer.

These findings offer a valuable resource for understanding the pathogenesis of gallbladder diseases and indicate OLFM4 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for GBC.

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Diagnostic yield from symptomatic gastroscopy in the UK: British Society of Gastroenterology analysis using data from the National Endoscopy Database.

Cancer yield was highest in elderly male patients, and those over 50 with dysphagia. Three-quarters of al gastroscopies were performed on patients whose cancer risk was <1%, suggesting inefficient resource utilisation.

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Landscape of the gut mycobiome dynamics during pregnancy and its relationship with host metabolism and pregnancy health.

This study provides a landscape of gut mycobiome dynamics during pregnancy and its relationship with host metabolism and pregnancy health, which lays the foundation of the future gut mycobiome investigation for healthy pregnancy.

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Novel IL-4/HB-EGF-dependent crosstalk between eosinophils and macrophages controls liver regeneration after ischaemia and reperfusion injury.

Together, these studies uncovered an indispensable role of eosinophils in liver repair after acute injury and identified a novel crosstalk between eosinophils and macrophages through the IL-4/HB-EGF axis.

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TLR8 agonist selgantolimod regulates Kupffer cell differentiation status and impairs HBV entry into hepatocytes via an IL-6-dependent mechanism.

Our transcriptomic characterisation of SLGN sheds light into the programmes regulating KC activation. Furthermore, in addition to its previously described effect on established HBV infection and adaptive immunity, we show that SLGN impairs HBV entry. Altogether, SLGN may contribute through KCs to remodelling the intrahepatic immune microenvironment and may thus represent an important component of future combinations to cure HBV infection.

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Hepatology

Epidemiology, screening, and Co-management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and Metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease.

The emergence of numerous randomized clinical trials has shed light on the treatment of T2DM combined with MASLD. This review uncovered the epidemiology of the intertwined T2DM and MASLD, offer insights into the evaluation of hepatic fibrosis in T2DM patients, glucose monitoring in MASLD population, and provide comprehensive co-management strategies for addressing both diseases.

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J Neurogastroenterol Motil

Efficacy of Tegoprazan in Patients With Functional Dyspepsia: A Prospective, Multicenter, Single-arm Study.

Tegoprazan (50 mg) administered once daily provided satisfactory symptom relief for FD.

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Reviews&Editorials

Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: Hepatitis C virus eradication improves skeletal muscle mass.

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Review article: Evaluation and care of the critically ill patient with cirrhosis.

Implementation of organ support therapies, intensive care protocols, nutrition, palliative care and end-of-life discussions and decisions are an integral part of critical care of the patient with cirrhosis. A multi-disciplinary approach towards critical care management is likely to yield better outcomes.

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Gut

Postprandial symptoms in disorders of gut-brain interaction and their potential as a treatment target.

In others, fermentation of intestinal carbohydrates, with gas release altering reflex responses, adverse reactions to food chemicals, central mechanisms or nocebo effects may dominate. However, if the concept that postprandial symptoms arise from food antigens driving an immune response in the gastrointestinal tract in a subset of patients is correct, it is paradigm-shifting, because if the choice of treatment were based on one or more of these therapeutic targets, patient outcomes may be improved.

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J Hepatol

FGF21 Agonists: An Emerging Therapeutic for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis and Beyond.

Within the armamentarium of future treatment options, FGF21 analogs exhibit an interesting positioning thanks to their pleiotropic effects in addition to their significant effect on both MASH resolution and fibrosis improvement. In this review, we summarize preclinical and clinical data from FGF21 analogs for MASH and explore additional potential therapeutic indications.

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Miscellaneous

misc publications eg case reports, tools of the trade, images of the month, etc…

Am J Gastroenterol

Do Rectal Neuroendocrine Tumors with Incomplete Endoscopic Resection for Positive Resection Margin Need Salvage Treatment?

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Is Hepatic Encephalopathy the First True Disorder of Gut-Brain interaction?

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The Association Between Ultra-Processed Foods and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Far More Complex Than Thought.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Colon Volume by Computed Tomography and Scintigraphic Colonic Transit in Constipated Patients With or Without Redundant Colon.

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Giant Hepatic Hemangioma.

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Higher adalimumab concentration is associated with complete fistula healing in patients with perianal fistulizing Crohn's disease.

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Risankizumab concentration but not IL-22 levels are associated with clinical and biochemical remission in patients with Crohn's disease.

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Using computer aided optical diagnosis and expert review to evaluate colorectal polyps diagnosed as normal mucosa in pathology.

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Endoscopy

A double-incision endoscopic myotomy of the cricopharyngeal muscle for the management of a large hemi-circumferential Zenker's diverticulum.

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Approach to patients with positive vertical margins after endoscopic resection of Barrett's neoplasia.

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Diagnostic utility of contrast-enhanced ultrasound endoscopy in a case of hemosuccus pancreaticus .

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Direct vision endoscopic retrograde appendicitis therapy in the treatment of appendicitis with appendicolith in young women.

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Endoscopic submucosal dissection with dental floss traction for the treatment of a superficial tumor in the horizontal part of the duodenum.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-directed transgastric endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography procedure for choledocholithiasis after sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y.

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Endoscopic ultrasound-guided emergency choledochoduodenostomy through a double duodenal stent.

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Hemostatic powder for the management of hemorrhage from esophageal self-expanding metal stents: A case report.

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Snare traction-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection for removal of rare giant laryngeal liposarcoma.

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Gastroenterology

Targeted screening for Barrett's esophagus and esophageal cancer: Post-hoc analysis from the randomized BEST3 trial.

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Gastrointest Endosc

Bile duct ulcer caused by plastic stents.

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Threadlike Linear Calcifications along the Proximal Colon of a 71-Year-Old Woman with Chronic Abdominal Pain.

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Use of texture and color enhancement imaging and red dichromatic imaging for the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer using peroral cholecystoscopy through an EUS-guided gallbladder drainage route (with video).

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Gut

Diagnostic dilemma: sudden onset of multiple skin lesions in a patient with intestinal disease.

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Perplexing case of abdominal pain with eosinophilia and fasciitis.

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Letters&Replies

Letters to the editors and authors’ replies

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Editorial: Can dietary gluten restriction improve hepatic steatosis? Authors' reply.

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Editorial: Exploring the influence of diet on later-onset ulcerative colitis-Are eggs and spicy foods the key factors in Asia? Authors' reply.

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Editorial: Hepatitis C virus eradication improves skeletal muscle mass-Authors' reply.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx 

Editorial: High qHBsAg-Is it a good or bad signal? Authors' reply.

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Editorial: Mortality in immune-mediated inflammatory diseases during early adulthood-Authors' reply.

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Letter: Boosting non-invasive tests-Opportunities and challenges from resmetirom.

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Letter: Potential confounders might exaggerate the risk of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with microscopic colitis-Authors' reply.

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Letter: Potential confounders might exaggerate the risk of rheumatoid arthritis in patients with microscopic colitis.

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Letter: Presence of progression or absence of response? Alternative trial designs for immunotherapy of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Authors' reply.

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Letter: The enigma of angiotensin receptor blocker-associated enteropathy-Authors' reply.

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Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol

Artificial Intelligence Chatbots in Healthcare: Navigating Accuracy, Privacy, and Global Applicability.

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No solid reasons not to measure ammonia.

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Reply: Optimizing Helicobacter pylori Eradication Therapies: From Trial to Real World.

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Endosc Int Open

Perspectives on biliary radiofrequency ablation: Review of a recent meta-analysis.

Pubmed   Journal   ReadQx   PMC

Gut

Concerns about instrumental variable selection for biological effect versus uptake of proton pump inhibitors in Mendelian randomisation analysis.

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J Hepatol

A Closer Look at the Innovative PAGED-B Score.

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Hepatic phenotypes of EFL1-related Shwachman-Diamond syndrome in a biopsy-validated study.

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Individuals with cardiometabolic risk factors are at higher risk for early-onset NAFLD.

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Looking for a deeper characterization of new decompensation patterns.

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Osteoporosis in hepatitis B patients receiving tenofovir disoproxil fumarate: does fibroblast growth factor 23 play a role?

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ormothermic Perfusion of a Human Tumoral Liver for 17 Days with concomitant extracorporeal blood purification therapy: case description.

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